Cortisol and proimflammatory cytokines
Chapter 10 endnote 6, from How Emotions are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain by Lisa Feldman Barrett.
Some context is:
So consider what happens if you’re in a stressful social situation [that] doesn’t resolve quickly, [or what if] social rejection is your life every day? Your body stays on alert, flush with cortisol and cytokines.
Normally, the release of cortisol immediately reduces inflammation. Prolonged body misbudgeting (i.e., chronic stress) leads to excessive cortisol release. This condition, called hypercortisolemia, occurs when cell receptors (i.e., glucocoricoid receptors) become insensitive to cortisol and can no longer reduce inflammation. So chronic stress leads to increased inflammation. Also, during chronic stress, the sympathetic nervous system becomes sensitized, leading to further increases in inflammation.